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Explanation: Parametric tests = It is the Procedure of hypothesis which explains that the variables of interest are measured on at least an interval scale. It is parameters defining properties of the population distribution from which one's data are drawn, Uses of Parametric Tests 1: uses in skewed and non-normal distributions=Parametric tests can be used with continuous data that are non-normal if you satisfy these sample size guidelines. For example sample t test (each group should be greater than 15) and in ANOVA (if you have 10 -12 groups then each group should be greater than 20). 2: uses for when spread of each group is different= For nonparametric tests data for all groups must have the same spread (dispersion). If your groups have a different spread, the nonparametric tests might not provide valid results. In parametric tests you’re good to go even when the groups have different spreads. 3: uses as a Power=Parametric tests usually have more statistical power tha...

What is Manager?Types of Manager? What do Manager do to Motivates employees? Manger is the person who is responsible for achieving organizational objectives by effective and efficient use of resources (these includes Human resources, financial, physical and informational resources), A good manager must have honesty, integrity and the ability to get along with people by utilizing Management skills, Communication skills (interpersonal skills  which involves the ability to understand, communicate with staff,  Negotiation & Networking skills conflict management skills,  Ethics skills and top of the all motivational skills Types of Managers There are three types of Managers 1-Top managers involves board of chairmen, CEO, president, vice president 2-Middle managers consist of Sales manager, branch manager, department head 3-First-line managers includes Crew leader, supervisor, head nurse, and office manager Management Functions=  Manager set objectives and ...

Q: What is the main objective/purpose of Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model? Answer : Five forces model help’s the company to determine how much competition will exist in a market and the profitability, attractiveness of this market for a company.

Define different types of Validity and reliability ? Types of validity= Content validity It explains whether the content of the measure is representative. This can be done by ensuring elements of the wider issue under investigation and the items used have taken care of depth and breadth. Predictive validity This involves predicting by means of assessment or technique performance on some other criterion. An assessment for example can be used as a predictor when it is used to place children in groups. Concurrent validity This is when data gathered from one instrument must correlate highly with data gathered from using another instrument. Types of reliability= However we can use four techniques to find out reliability which are following: Observer Reliability : The degree to which different raters/observers give consistent answers or estimates. For example Two people may be asked to categorize pictures of animals as being dogs or cats. A perfectly reliable result would be ...

Validity The concept of validity is to find accurate information without any unnecessary things,There are many ways to assess the validity of instrument/results ,The concept of validity explains that whether the collected result is free from errors or not it also determine whether the result is 100% accurate or not so validation involves collecting and analyzing resulting data to assess the accuracy of an instrument. Validity is the extent to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure and performs as it is designed to perform. It is rare, if nearly impossible, that an instrument be 100% valid, so validity is generally measured in degrees. As a process, External validity helps obtain the degree to which a sample represents the population. Content validity refers to the appropriateness of the content of an instrument. In other words, do the measures (questions, observation logs, etc.) accurately assess what you want to know. Reliability Reliability checks the co...

What is a Bank reconciliation? Bank reconciliation is a monthly process by which we match up the activity on the bank statement to ensure that everything has been recorded in the company’s or individual’s books. There are two parts to a bank reconciliation, the book (company) side and the bank side. When the reconciliation is completed, both balances should match.  Reconciling items on the book side require for cash : There are a number of items that can cause differences between your book and bank balances. Here is a list of the most common items you’ll encounter when doing a bank reconciliation: 1.      Deposits in Transit=      A deposit in transit is a deposit that has been submitted to the bank but has not get been recorded by the bank. The account holder has recorded the deposit in his records but the bank has not. 2.      Outstanding Checks=      When a check is written it take...

Use of Excess Cash ,its Effects, and Consequences= We can use excess cash balance efficiently by keeping in mind the following points: Excess cash balance has three disadvantages from which we can plan how to use excess cash balance efficiently by converting disadvantages into advantages :  1. Excess cash can lowers your ROA (return on Assets) 2. Excess cash can increases your COC (cost of capital) 3. Excess cash can increases overall risk by overly confident management team Return on Assets = When your cash balance exceeds your actual working capital cash balance need, you have excess cash, or cash that is not necessary to the firm’s financial operations. For this example, we’ll use a business with total assets of 1,000,000 and cash making up 10%, or $100,000, of that total. Let’s say this business has an annual after tax net income of $100,000, which equates to an overall ROA of 10% ($100,000 / $1,000,000). If the business is only earning 2% annual interest on...